OSTEOMYELITIS

OSTEOMYELITIS

DEFINITION:-

It is an inflammation of bone due to infection, it may affect any bone.

CAUSES:-

  • Bacterial infection:
    - Staphylococcus Aureus
    - Streptococcus
  • Viral infection
  • Fungal infection


PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:-

    Due to infection in medullary part of bone
    ↓
    Infection spreads to periosteum
    ↓
    Oedema or abscess formation
    ↓
    Narcotic bone (sequestra)
    ↓
    Peritonsillar abscess (Pus formation)



SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:-

  • Fever
  • Inability in weight bearing
  • Signs of sepsis
  • Erythema
  • Chills
  • Nausea
  • Malaise
  • Restlessness
  • Spontaneous fracture.
  • Night sweats
  • Swelling, tenderness, and warmth at infection site.DIAGNOSTIC FINDING:-

DIAGNOSTIC FINDING:-

  • C.B.C
    - WBC es
    - ESR es
  • X-ray
  • C.T. scan/MRI
  • Radionuclide bone scan


COMPLICATIONS:-

  • Non-healing wound
  • Sepsis
  • Immobility
  • Amputation.


MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:-

  • Antibiotics,
    - Penicillin
    - Tetracycline
    - Cephalosporin, e.g., cefalexin
  • Analgesics and antipyretics as prescribed
  • Application of plaster cast and traction
  • FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) for the drainage of bone abscess.


SURGICAL MANAGEMENT:-

  • Sequestrectomy (removal of sequestra), sequestra (a portion of dead bone formed).


NURSING MANAGEMENT:-

Nursing Diagnosis

  • Acute or chronic pain related to inflammatory process.
  • Deficit knowledge related to disease and medications.
  • Impaired physical mobility related to rest of affected part.

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