ENDOCARDITIS

DEFINITION:-

An acute or chronic inflammation of endocardium (inner layer) of heart.
Also known as bacterial endocarditis.

CAUSES:-

  1. Bacterial infections (beta-hemolytic streptococcus):
    • S.aurous
    • S.viridae
    • Enterococci
  2. Fungi:
    • Candida
  3. Rickettsiae.



SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:-

  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Sweating
  • Anorexia
  • Weight loss
  • Weakness
  • Cough
  • Splenomegaly
  • Pneumonitis
  • Pleuritis
  • Lung haemoptysis
  • MI
  • Melaena (blood in stool).


DIAGNOSTIC FINDING:-

  • Chest X-ray
  • ECG
  • CBC (Complete blood count)
  • Serum urea nitrogen
  • MRI.
  • Endocardiography



COMPLICATIONS:-

  • Cardiac myopathy: is a disease of heart muscles in which heart muscles weakens and has difficulty to pump blood.
  • Heart failure
  • Valvular heart diseases


MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:-

  • Penicillin (antibiotics)
  • Antimicrobial, e.g., cefixime
  • Symptomatic drugs
  • Antifungal in case of fungal infection


NURSING MANAGEMENT:-

Nursing Diagnosis

  • Hyperthermia related to disease process.
  • Decreased cardiac output related to decrease Cardiac contractibility.
  • Activity intolerance related to joint pain and easy fatigability.

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