MYOCARDITIS

DEFINITION:-

An acute or chronic inflammation of myocardium (middle layer between pericardium and endocardium) of heart.

CAUSES:-

  • Viral infections
  • Bacterial infections
  • Fungal infections
  • Parasitic
  • Collagen disease
  • Due to immune suppressive therapy.



SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:-

  • Dyspnoea
  • Fatigue
  • Palpitations
  • Cardiomegaly
  • Fever with tachycardia
  • Abnormal heart sounds.



DIAGNOSTIC FINDING:-

  • Chest X-ray
  • ECG
  • CBC (Complete blood count)
  • Serum urea nitrogen
  • MRI.

    COMPLICATIONS:-

    • Cardiac myopathy: is a disease of heart muscles in which heart muscles weakens and has difficulty to pump blood.
    • Heart failure

    MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:-

    • Antidysrhythmic drug, e.g., Xylocaine
    • Antiviral if viral infections
    • Penicillin (antibiotics)
    • Antimicrobial, e.g., cefixime
    • Analgesics (NSAIDs)
    • Antifungal in case of fungal infection

    NURSING MANAGEMENT:-

    Nursing Diagnosis

    • Hyperthermia related to inflammatory/infectious process.
    • Decreased cardiac output related to decrease cardiac contractility.

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