ACNE VULGARIS

ACNE VULGARIS

DEFINITION:-

It is a common inflammatory disorder of sebaceous glands (increase secretion of sebum).
These grease producing glands are under androgen control.
It is due to obstruction and inflammation of sebaceous glands and follicles.

ETIOLOGY:-

  • Increase androgen activity
  • Hyperactivity of sebaceous glands
  • Obstruction in sebaceous duct
  • Infection of sebaceous duct.


SIGN/SYMPTOMS:-

  • Closed comedones (white heads)
  • Open comedones (black heads)
  • Papules, Pustules, Nodules
  • Oily skin
  • Deep scanning.


MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:-

  1. Topical antibiotics (for suppress growth of acne and decrease comedones, papules and pustules), e.g., erythromycin gel/clindamycin.
  2. Systemic antibiotics, e.g., Doxycycline 100mg OD.
  3. Topical antibacterial and comedolytic, e.g., Benzoyl peroxide gel.
  4. Topical retinoic acid (for comedolytic action), e.g., adapalene gel.
  5. Retinoid Therapy, e.g., isotretinoin (Inhibits sebum production and secretion for cystic acne).
  6. Antiandrogenic therapy, e.g., cyproterone and ethinylestradiol.


NURSING MANAGEMENT:-

  • Advice patient to wash face with water or oil free face wash 1-2 times/day.
  • Do not squeeze, prick the acne.
  • Do not scrub the face while washing.
  • Do not use excessively oily cosmetics.
  • Encourage for balanced diet and avoidance of food believed to acne.
  • Inform patient about side-effects of systemic antibiotics.
  • Avoid hot beverages and spicy foods.

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