ECZEMA

ECZEMA

DEFINITION:-

It is a higly pruritive chronic inflammatory skin disorder. It is a type of itching dermatosis which is characterized by

  • Chronic pruritus
  • Intracellular edema
  • Inter-cellular edema.

ETIOLOGY:-

Contact with allergens, e.g.,

  • Acid
  • Alkali
  • Penicillin/Streptomycin
  • Lipstick
  • Nail varnish
  • Hair
  • Flowers pollen.

OTHER CAUSES:-

  • Hereditary
  • Food allergies., e.g., peanut, milk, egg, wheat, tree nuts.

SIGN/SYMPTOMS:-

  • Erythema
  • Intense itching
  • Vesicles or papules formation
  • Weeping skin
  • Crusting.

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:-

  1. Topical corticosteroids therapy, e.g., Triamcinolone, betamethasone.
  2. Other drugs
    - Steroids: e.g., betamethasone, prednisolone.
  3. Antibiotics, e.g., ciprofloxacin
  4. Antihistamines, e.g., levocitrizine.

NURSING DIAGNOSIS:-

  • Impaired skin integrity related to scratching
    Nursing Intervention
    • Topical application of open wet dressings
    • Prevent dry skin subacute and chronic stages.
    • Avoid hot water and harsh soaps.
    • Apply, e.g., Lubriderm.
      Within 3 min of bathing when skin is still slightly moist.
  • Knowledge deficient related to disease process.
  • Risk for infection related to bacterial colonization of skin.

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