GASTRITIS OR GASTROENTERITIS

DEFINITION:-

  • Gastroenteritis: An inflammation of intestine and gastric mucosa is known as Gastroenteritis.
  • Gastritis: It is an inflammation of mucous membrane of stomach.

CAUSES/AETIOLOGY:-

  • Bacterial infection, e.g., Salmonella, shigella, E.coli
  • Excessive intake of alcohol
  • Excessive use of NSAIDs drug, e.g., Aspirin
  • Excessive intake of spicy food
  • Stress.

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION (SIGNS/SYMPTOMS):-

  • Nausea, Vomiting
  • Abdominal discomfort
  • Hiccuping/Bleeding
  • Profuse diarrhoea or watery stool
  • Stool with Blood
  • Abdominal cramps
  • Weight loss
  • Heart burn after eating
  • Epigastric tenderness
  • Dehydration
  • Haemetemesis
  • Sour taste.

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION:-

  • By signs and symptoms
  • Endoscopy
  • Biopsy with histologic examination are perfomed
  • Serologic testing to detect the presence of H.pylori.

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:-

  • Antidiarrheal, e.g., Amoxycillin, Tetracycline or Clarithromycin
  • Antiemetic, e.g., Domperidone (for Stop Vomiting and nausea)
  • Antimicrobials mostly DOC (drug of choice) is metronidazole
  • Antacids, e.g., Aluminium hydroxide
  • Proton pump inhibitor, e.g., Lansoprazole, Omeprazole
  • H2-blocker, e.g., Ranitidine

NURSING DIAGNOSIS:-

  • Altered nutrition related to pain.
  • Fluid volume deficit related to pain.
  • Pain related to disease.
  • Knowledge deficit related to disease.
  • Anxiety related to disease condition.

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